Radiofrequency Ablation
Definition
What is Radiofrequency Ablation?
Radiofrequency ablation is a new way to treat cancer. A special needle electrode is placed in the tumour under the guidance of an imaging method such as Ultrasound or Computed Tomography (CT). The electrode is connected to equipment that passes a radiofrequency current through the needle. The heat from the radiofrequency energy heats the tumour tissue around the needle tip and ablates (kills) it. The heat also closes up small blood vessels, thereby minimizing the risk of bleeding.
How does Radiofrequency Ablation Work?
Radiofrequency ablation may be done by placing ablation needles through the skin using imaging guidance (US or CT); by placing needles through a tube inserted through small holes in the skin (laparoscopy); or during open surgery. The procedure may be repeated as needed should the tumour recur.
Performing Radiofrequency Ablation
1. An electrode-tipped needle is guided to the tumour site.
2. An inner needle expands like an umbrella once placed inside the tumour.
3. RF energy is applied, heating and killing cancer cells.
What are the benefits to Radiofrequency Ablation?
Treatment-related serious complications are infrequent.
Radiofrequency ablation may be used repeatedly to treat recurrent tumours.
Are there side effects or complications?
Roughly, one in four patients may develop a "post-ablation syndrome" with flu-like symptoms that appear three to five days after the procedure. These symptoms may last about 5-7 days, and are easily treated by various medications. The probe insertion site may become infected. In less than 2% of the procedures, the tumour killed by the procedure may become infected and abscess. We will review these risks with you in more detail before the procedure. You may ask questions at any time.
Preparation
The evening before the exam you may eat or drink anything. You will be instructed which medications you may take in the morning, and when to arrive at the hospital. After registering at the hospital, your blood will be drawn for routine tests.
The Procedure
You will be placed under general anaesthesia. Once the needle electrode is in place, radiofrequency energy is applied. For a larger tumour it may be necessary to do overlapping ablations to make certain that no tumour tissue is left behind. After radiofrequency ablation you may receive further medication to prevent pain and nausea as the sedation wears off. You are then sent to your hospital room.
What are the limitations to Radiofrequency Ablation?
There is a limit to the volume of tumour tissue that can be eliminated. This is due to the limitations in the size of the "burn" that can be produced with current equipment. Radiofrequency ablation will not eliminate microscopic sized tumours and cannot prevent cancer from growing back.
For additional information or to schedule a Radiofrequency Ablation procedures please contact our Diagnostic Imaging Department. Tel No. 01-5262060